Eric Adams (politician)

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Eric Adams
Borough President Adams (cropped).jpg
18th Borough President of Brooklyn
Assumed office
January 1, 2014
Preceded byMarty Markowitz
Member of the New York State Senate
from the 20th district
In office
January 1, 2007 – December 31, 2013
Preceded byCarl Andrews
Succeeded byJesse Hamilton
Personal details
Born (1960-09-01) September 1, 1960 (age 60)
New York City, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic (before 1997, 2001–present)
Other political
affiliations		Republican (1997–2001)[1]
Domestic partnerTracey Collins[2]
Children1
EducationNew York City College of Technology (AA)
John Jay College of Criminal Justice (BA)
Marist College (MPA)
WebsiteBorough website
Campaign website
Police career
DepartmentFlag of the New York City Police Department.svg New York City Police Department
Service years1984–2006
RankCaptain insignia gold.svg Captain

Eric Leroy Adams (born September 1, 1960) is an American retired police officer, politician, and author. He is the 18th borough president of Brooklyn, New York City and is a candidate in the 2021 New York City mayoral election in the Democratic primary.

Adams served as an officer in the New York City Transit Police and then the New York City Police Department for over two decades, retiring at the rank of captain.[3] He served in the New York State Senate from 2006 to 2013, representing the 20th Senate district in Brooklyn. In November 2013, Adams was elected Brooklyn Borough President, the first African American to hold the position, and was reelected in November 2017.

Early life and education

Adams was born in Brownsville, Brooklyn.[4] He was raised in Bushwick, Brooklyn, and South Jamaica, Queens and was the fourth of six children. His mother worked double shifts as a housecleaner and had received only a third-grade education.[5] His father was a butcher.[6]

Adams graduated from Bayside High School in Queens in 1978.[7] He began attending college while working as a clerk at the Brooklyn District Attorney's office, receiving an associate degree from the New York City College of Technology, a B.A. from the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, and an M.P.A. from Marist College.[8]

When Adams was 15 years old, he and his brother were arrested for criminal trespassing. While in police custody, they were beaten by NYPD officers until a black cop intervened. Adams suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder after the incident but has said that the violent encounter motivated him to enter law enforcement. A local pastor added to his motivation when he suggested that by joining the police force, he could aid in reforming police culture from within.[9][10][11]

Policing career

Adams served as an officer in the New York City Transit Police and in the New York City Police Department (NYPD) for 22 years. He has described his wanting to serve as a reaction to the abuse he suffered by NYPD in his youth and separately stated that he was encouraged to join to lead reform from within.[12][13][14][15] He attended the New York City Police Academy and graduated second in his class in 1984.[5]

He started in the New York City Transit Police, and continued with the NYPD when the transit police and the NYPD merged.[16] He worked in the 6th Precinct in Greenwich Village, the 94th Precinct in Greenpoint, and the 88th Precinct covering Fort Greene and Clinton Hill. During the 1990s, Adams served as president of the Grand Council of Guardians, an African American patrolmen’s association.[17] In 1995, he co-founded 100 Blacks in Law Enforcement Who Care, an advocacy group for black police officers that sought criminal justice reform and often spoke out against police brutality and racial profiling.[18][19]

In 1999, Adams said on race in policing: "Lying is at the root of our training. At the academy, recruits are told that they should not see black or brown people as different, but we all do. We all know that the majority of people arrested for predatory crimes are African-American. We didn't create that scenario, but we have to police in that scenario. So we need to be honest and talk about it."[20]

Political career

During the 1993 mayoral election, Adams, a supporter of the incumbent candidate for mayor, David Dinkins, made a comment about a candidate for New York State Comptroller, Herman Badillo, that was seen by some to be racially divisive. Adams said that if Badillo, who was Puerto Rican, were concerned about the Hispanic community, he would have married a Hispanic woman.[21]

In 1994, Adams ran in the Democratic primary for the 11th Congressional seat in central Brooklyn, losing to incumbent Major Owens.[22]

Adams registered as a Republican in 1997 before switching back to the Democratic Party in 2001, according to the Board of Elections.[19][20]

New York State Senate

In 2006, Adams ran for New York State Senate.[23] He was elected and served four terms until 2013, when he was elected Brooklyn Borough President.[24] He represented the 20th Senate District, which includes parts of the Brooklyn neighborhoods of Brownsville, Crown Heights, East Flatbush, Park Slope, Prospect Heights, and Sunset Park.[24]

As a freshman state senator, he joined other legislators requesting a pay raise for the New York's lawmakers, who had not received a raise since 1999. At the time, they ranked third-highest in pay among state lawmakers in the United States.[25][26]

In 2009, Adams was one of the 24 state senators to vote in favor of marriage equality in New York State.[27] He spoke in support of the freedom to marry during the debate before the vote.[27] When the bill failed to become law, he again voted to legalize same-sex marriage in New York in 2011. On July 24, 2011, New York's Marriage Equality Act came into effect.

In 2010, Adams, then chair of the Senate Racing and Wagering Committee, came under investigation for his handling of choosing an operator to run the gambling operation at the Aqueduct Racetrack in Queens. A report conducted by the state inspector general was critical of Adams' judgment and testimony to investigators. However, Adams maintained no wrongdoing.[28][29]

Adams was a vocal opponent of the NYPD's "stop and frisk" policy, which predominantly affected young black and Latino men, and which in 2000 the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights said constituted racial profiling.[30] In 2011, he supported calling for a federal investigation into stop-and-frisk practices.[30] He sought to stop the NYPD from gathering data about individuals who had been stopped but not charged.[31] He has since reversed his position on stop and frisk and now supports it.[32]

In 2012, Adams served as co-chair of New York's State Legislators Against Illegal Guns.[33][34] Adams and five other mostly African-American state lawmakers wore hooded sweatshirts in the legislative chamber on March 12, 2012, in protest of the shooting of Trayvon Martin, a Florida teen who was killed by George Zimmerman.[35][36]

Brooklyn Borough President

On November 5, 2013, Adams was elected Brooklyn Borough President with 90.8 percent of the vote, more than any other candidate for borough president in New York City that year.[37] In 2017, he was elected with 83.0 percent of the vote.[38] In both of his campaigns, he was unopposed in the Democratic primaries.[39]

Community boards

Adams, in his role as Brooklyn Borough President, appoints the members of each of the 18 community boards in Brooklyn, half of which are nominated by local members of the City Council. Community board members represent their neighbors in matters dealing with land use and other specific neighborhood needs.[40]

In 2016, Adams launched a digital application that could be used as a paperless alternative to applying for a position on one of Brooklyn’s community boards. Applications increased by 10 percent.[41][42]

Land use

Under the New York City Charter, borough presidents must submit Uniform Land Use Review Procedure (ULURP) recommendations on certain uses of land throughout their borough.[43][44] Adams has used his ULURP recommendations to propose additional permanently affordable housing units in the rezoning of East New York; the relocation of municipal government agencies to East New York to reduce density in Downtown Brooklyn and create jobs for community residents; and the redevelopment of 25 Kent Avenue in Williamsburg as manufacturing space, with increased property taxes directed to the acquisition of the remaining proposed sections of Bushwick Inlet Park and their development as a community resource.[45][46]

Adams has encouraged New York City to build affordable housing on municipally-owned properties such as the Brownsville Community Justice Center, over railyards and railways, and on space now used for parking lots.[47]

Adams created the Faith-Based Property Development Initiative, which supports religious institutions that want to develop property for the benefit of the community, such as affordable housing and space for community activities.[48]

In September 2017, Adams unveiled his recommendations for the future of the Bedford Union Armory in Crown Heights. His recommendation was to disapprove the application with conditions while calling for the inclusion of a greater amount of affordable housing on-site. The Bedford Union Armory proposals would contain recreational facilities, spaces for local non-profits, and two new residential buildings, including a condominium building along President Street in place of the Armory's stables.

In July 2018, Adams announced a joint $10-million, 19-plaintiff lawsuit with the Housing Rights Initiative (HRI) filed in Kings County Supreme Court. It stemmed from a comprehensive investigation by HRI that found that New York City real estate developer Kushner Companies engaged in illegal construction practices in a 338-unit building (formerly the Austin, Nichols and Company Warehouse), located at 184 Kent Avenue in Williamsburg. According to independent research, families, including children and babies, were exposed to highly toxic and cancer-causing substances, including, but not limited to, the lung carcinogen crystalline silica and lead.[citation needed]

Also in July 2018, Adams urged the developer involved in the Kensington Stables site in Windsor Terrace to help preserve the stables as part of a new proposal for the site.[49]

Education

In partnership with Medgar Evers College, Adams created the Brooklyn Pipeline, which provides developmental learning and enrichment opportunities to public school students in Brooklyn, teaches parents to better support their children's education, and facilitates professional development training to teachers and school leaders.[50][51]

He wrote an editorial in The New York Daily News calling on the New York City Department of Education (DOE) to test all pre-Kindergarten students for gifted and talented programs, including African-American and Latino children who have historically been excluded.[52]

Adams entered Brooklyn into the "Hour of Code" challenge with Chicago Public Schools. This challenge was designed to improve the computer skills of students. Brooklyn students were victorious, with more than 80 percent of the district schools throughout Brooklyn participating in the program.[53][54]

Based on a report prepared by the Independent Budget Office of New York City (IBO) at his request, Adams urged the City University of New York (CUNY) system to explore reinstating free tuition for two-year community colleges, which could improve graduation rates and lead to increased earnings potential and taxpayer contribution, as well as expand access to higher education.[55]

He has advocated for making two-year CUNY colleges free.[56]

Health

Adams launched the Family Friendly Brooklyn initiative by creating a lactation room in Brooklyn Borough Hall, with open access to the public.[57] He introduced a bill in the New York City Council that would require all municipal buildings providing services to the public to have lactation rooms. The bill was passed by the City Council on July 14, 2016.[58] In July 2018, Adams publicly denounced President Trump's efforts to stop Ecuador from passing a U.N. resolution stating that breastfeeding is the most beneficial way of feeding a child.[59]

After Adams received a personal diagnosis of type two diabetes in 2016, he became a vegan and has used the office to advocate for Brooklynites to eat healthier and adopt plant-based diets along with encouraging healthier lifestyles. The Office of the Brooklyn Borough President launched a plant-based nutrition page on its website with links to resources encouraging vegan and plant-based lifestyles, as well as printable handouts produced by the borough. [60] Adams also worked to replace all vending machines in Brooklyn Borough Hall with protein bars, sparkling water, and nut snacks instead of sugary, unhealthy snacks.[citation needed] Additionally, Adams has also prompted the City Council to pass a resolution called "Ban the Baloney," which aims for schools across the city to stop serving processed meats. He has also been an avid supporter of "Meatless Mondays" in public schools.[61] In 2021, Adams authorized a grant from the borough to SUNY Downstate College of Medicine to establish a plant-based supplemental curriculum.[62]

After a spike in rat complaints, Adams co-hosted a Rat Summit alongside Council Member Robert Cornegy in June 2018 to address the issue of rats throughout the borough.[63] In September 2019, he promoted new traps that lured rats with nuts and seeds before knocking them out and drowning them. He showed a group of reporters one of the traps that had caught rats around Brooklyn Borough Hall. He presented their corpses in an effort to demonstrate the trap's effectiveness. Adams and his team said the traps were more humane than poison because they did not cause the rats to suffer in pain for an extended period. The group "Voters for Animal Rights" wrote an open letter to the borough president questioning the usefulness of these traps to achieve their goal and their purported humaneness.[64][65][66]

Housing

To address the displacement of longtime residents by gentrification, Adams has held a series of town halls in Bedford–Stuyvesant and East Flatbush to investigate cases of tenant harassment, and also organized legal clinics in East New York, Prospect Lefferts Gardens, and Sunset Park to provide free legal assistance to tenants.[67][68][69][70]

He stood on the damaged roof of 110 Humboldt Street, a seven-story residential building in the Borinquen Plaza II development in Williamsburg, as he called on Governor Andrew Cuomo to restore $100 million in State funding for New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) roof repairs.[71]

In June 2018, Adams suggested lowering the height of the Alloy Development's Downtown Brooklyn project, 80 Flatbush, from 986 to 600 feet in order to not disrupt or overwhelm the existing community surrounding the building.[72]

In January 2020, Adams gave a speech at an event in Harlem celebrating Martin Luther King Jr. Day. During the speech, he discussed recent New York City transplants, saying, "Go back to Iowa. You go back to Ohio! New York City belongs to the people that [were] here and made New York City what it is."[73][74] Earlier in the speech, Adams spoke highly of long-term residents, saying, "You were here before Starbucks. You were here before others came and decided they wanted to be part of this city. Folks are not only hijacking your apartments and displacing your living arrangements, they displace your conversations and say that things that are important to you are no longer important."[74] While the speech was met with applause by the audience, some of his comments were criticized by some for their divisiveness[by whom?].[75][74][76]

A spokeswoman for Mayor Bill de Blasio said, “The mayor doesn’t agree with how it was said, but the borough president voiced a very real frustration. We need to improve affordability in this city to ensure New Yorkers can stay in the city they love, but New York City will always be a city for everyone.”[74] Adams later clarified that he only took issue with new arrivals who don’t engage with longtime residents or their communities.[74]

Public safety

Adams has criticized the use of excessive force in the arrest of Eric Garner, who died after being placed in a chokehold prohibited by NYPD regulations, and the arrest of postal carrier Glen Grays, who was determined not to have committed any crime or infraction.[77][78][79][80]

After the 2014 killings of NYPD officers Wenjian Liu and Rafael Ramos, he wrote an editorial for the New York Daily News calling on police officers and the community to work with each other to build a relationship of mutual respect.[77]

Together with Manhattan Borough President Gale Brewer and civil rights attorney Norman Siegel, Adams held a series of seven public forums and four Google Hangouts for community residents to share their experiences with the police. The information was used to compile a report, and it was concluded that New York City should work to involve the public in the work of the NYPD, improve training for police officers, and allow independent investigations when police misconduct has been alleged.[81][82]

Following the school shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, on February 14, 2018, he joined the efforts of Brooklyn students by organizing an emergency meeting at Brooklyn Borough Hall and a rally in Prospect Park to demand stricter gun laws.[83] That same month, after a correctional officer endured a beating from six inmates at the George Motchan Detention Center on Rikers Island, Adams stood outside the Brooklyn Detention Center to express his support to reinstate solitary confinement in prisons.[84]

Technology

Adams formed a partnership with flowthings.io, a Brooklyn-based startup, and Dell computer to access and collect real-time data on conditions in Brooklyn Borough Hall, with device counters to monitor occupancy in rooms that sometimes experience overcrowding, multi-sensors to determine whether equipment has been operating efficiently, sensors such as smart-strips and smart-plugs to measure energy usage around the building, and ultrasonic rangefinders to identify that ADA-designated entrances are accessible in real-time.[85]

He partnered with tech startup Heat Seek NYC to allow tenants to be able to report conditions in their apartments with sensor hardware and web applications.[86]

Adams opposed efforts to limit the number of new e-hail cars such as Uber, explaining that such technologies provide opportunities for people of color to find work and travel in their communities.[87]

Illegal parking

Adams has been criticized for parking illegally and allowing his staff to do so as Brooklyn Borough President, by abusing official "parking placards" which allow for temporary or emergency lifting of parking restrictions for official government business, or, in some cases, even using imitation placards.[88][89][90] In August 2019, after Adams was again criticized for illegal parking and placard abuse in Brooklyn, he responded to a placard abuse monitor Twitter account by comparing the accuser to the Ku Klux Klan, tweeting, "Not sure of what you are talking about but the greatest level of fear is reflected in people who hide their faces while throwing insults. My life work speaks of my courage. Your hidden face is in the tradition of others who hid themselves with white hoods".[91][92][93]

At a September 2019 town hall, Adams said the illegal parking on public space as a right of his female staffers, saying, "The only individuals who are allowed to park private vehicles around the building are my women employees that I have told they have to respond late at night when they call."[93] His defense did not assuage detractors that he would remedy the behavior.[94] They called the behavior lawless[95] and said that it blocked access to crosswalks and sidewalks by handicapped individuals.[91] As of October 2019, the behavior continued, and a spokesperson said the parking policy was being reviewed.[96][97]

Other initiatives

In 2014, Adams established One Brooklyn Fund, a non-profit organization for community programs, grant writing, and extolling local businesses, though it has been criticized as serving as a conduit for his public profile and for allowing non-campaign pay to play contributions from developers and lobbyists.[98] Adams' office have been investigated twice by the city Department of Investigation (DOI) over One Brooklyn’s fundraising. The first investigation was in 2014 over asking potential attendees if they were interested in providing “financial support” to One Brooklyn. In 2016, Adams' office was found by the DOI to wrongly license the use of Borough Hall to the Mayor’s Office for an event.[99][100]

Given the success of the brewing industry in Brooklyn, Adams, since October 2017, has called for a more lenient Blue Law, allowing New York City businesses to start selling alcohol two hours earlier starting at 8 a.m.[101]

2021 New York City mayoral campaign

Main article: 2021 New York City mayoral election
Eric Adams for Mayor
Logo for Adams' 2021 mayoral campaign.
Campaigned forNYC mayor (2021)
CandidateEric Adams
Brooklyn Borough President (2014–present)
AffiliationDemocratic Party
StatusActive
HeadquartersBrooklyn, New York
Websiteericadams2021.com

Adams had long been mulling a run for New York mayor,[102] and on November 17, 2020, he announced his candidacy for Mayor of New York City in the 2021 election. He is a top fund-raiser among Democrats in the race, second only to Raymond McGuire in terms of the amount raised.[103]

Adams is running as a moderate Democrat and his campaign is focused on crime and public safety, and Adams has argued against the defund the police movement.[104].[105] Public health and the economy are cited as his campaign's other top priorities.[106] Initiatives promoted in his campaign include "an expanded local tax credit for low-income families, investment in underperforming schools, and improvements to public housing."[107]

On November 20, 2020, shortly after formally announcing his run for mayor of New York City, Adams attended an indoor fundraiser with 18 people in an Upper West Side restaurant during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing criticism.[108] Adams held an already scheduled fundraiser the following day in Queens, when a 25-person limit on mass gatherings was in place. Adams’s campaign said that there were eight people at the event and that they were required to wear masks and practice social distancing.[109]

For much of the race, Adams trailed entrepreneur Andrew Yang in public polling. However, he saw polling boost in May and emerged as the frontrunner in the final weeks of the election.[110]

Residency questions

In January 2021, the Daily News reported that Adams failed to register his Bedford-Stuyvesant property with the Department of Housing Preservation and Development, which is a requirement for a landlord of a rental property.[111][112] In April 2021, Politico reported that no rental income was declared in Adams's tax filings, though it had been declared to New York City's Conflicts of Interest Board. Adams's spokesperson said that his accountant would amend the relevant tax filings.[113] In June 2021, Politico reported an address in the Prospect Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn had been used in official records as Adams's residence and was listed for a political donation. Adams said he hadn't lived at the residence in nearly ten years. It was also reported that Adams's voter registration was associated with a unit of his Bedford-Stuyvesant home allegedly occupied by a tenant renting from him; however, this was disputed by Adams's campaign.[114] The day following these reports, Adams gave reporters a tour of the property in Bedford-Stuyvesant, which did not fully convince some critics that he lived there.[111]

Later in June 2021, Adams stated that he gave away his ownership stake in a Prospect Heights co-op apartment in 2007 to a friend who had co-owned the apartment with him. He provided no proof that he filed the required gift tax report.[115] Adams's campaign claimed this was his residence until at least 2013 but not that he maintained any ownership until that time. However, The New York Times reported that records it obtained suggested he was still listed as an owner.[116] Adams had not disclosed this alleged property ownership on financial disclosure forms while an elected official as a state senator or borough president and may have lived there until 2017 without reporting it.[117]

Adams and his partner, Tracey Collins, own a co-op in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where some critics allege he actually resides.[114]

Endorsements

Main article: 2021 New York City mayoral election § Endorsements

Adams received support from New York elected officials like US Representatives Thomas Suozzi from New York's 3rd congressional district, Adriano Espaillat from New York's 13th congressional district, and Sean Patrick Maloney from New York's 18th congressional district, as well as fellow Borough Presidents Rubén Díaz Jr. from The Bronx and Donovan Richards from Queens, along with a number of city and state legislators.[118] Adams also received endorsements from labor union locals, including the Uniformed Fire Officers Association,[119] District Council 37,[120] and Service Employees International Union, Local 32BJ.[118]

Various local media outlets endorsed Adams, including El Especialito, The Irish Echo, The Jewish Press, New York Post, Our Time Press, and the Queens Chronicle. He was ranked as the second choice for New York Daily News behind Kathryn Garcia.[118]

Personal life

Adams has a son, Jordan Coleman,[2] with former girlfriend Chrisena Coleman.[5][121]

In 2016, Adams became a vegan after his diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Adams researched alternatives to lifelong insulin injections and sought opinions of physicians including Dr. Caldwell B. Esselstyn Jr. of the Cleveland Clinic.[122][123] Adams made lifestyle changes rather than pursuing traditional treatments for diabetes. He switched to a whole food plant-based diet, removing animal products, processed sugar, salt, oil and processed starches. He also began exercising regularly, including using an exercise bike and treadmill in his office. Within six months, he lost 30 pounds, reversed his diabetes, and reduced his blood pressure and cholesterol levels.[124] He has stated that he wants to encourage others to switch to a healthier diet and that public health spending for diabetes should go towards lifestyle changes rather than treating disease.[125] In October 2020, Adams published Healthy at Last: A Plant-Based Approach to Preventing and Reversing Diabetes and Other Chronic Illnesses, a book about his health journey that advocates for healthier lifestyles.[126]

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External links

New York State Senate
Preceded by
Carl Andrews 		Member of the New York State Senate
from the 20th district
January 1, 2007–December 31, 2013 		Succeeded by
Jesse Hamilton
Preceded by
Vincent Leibell 		Chairman of the Senate Committee on Veterans Homeland Security and Military Affairs
2009–2010 		Succeeded by
Greg Ball
Preceded by
Bill Larkin 		Chairman of the Senate Committee on Racing, Gaming and Wagering
2009–2010 		Succeeded by
John Bonacic
Preceded by
David Valesky 		Chairman of the Senate Committee on the Aging
2013–December 31, 2013 		Succeeded by
Rachel May
Political offices
Preceded by
Marty Markowitz 		Borough President of Brooklyn
2014–present 		Incumbent

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Presented content of the Wikipedia article was extracted in 2021-06-29 based on https://en.wikipedia.org/?curid=11149441