2022 Indian presidential election

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2022 Indian presidential election

← 2017 18 July 2022 (2022-07-18) 2027 →
Turnout	99.12% (1.83%)
Nominee Droupadi Murmu Yashwant Sinha Party BJP AITC Alliance NDA United Opposition Home state Odisha Bihar Electoral vote 676,803 380,177 States carried 21 + PY 7 + NCT Percentage 64.03% 35.97% Swing 1.62% 1.62%
President before election Ram Nath Kovind BJP President after election Droupadi Murmu BJP

The 2022 Indian presidential election was the 16th presidential election in India which was held in 2022 to elect the president of India as the term of incumbent president Ram Nath Kovind was about to expire. The election took place on 18 July 2022 with a turnout of 99.12%.^[1][2][3][4]

BJP candidate Droupadi Murmu won the election, defeating Yashwant Sinha, the candidate of the opposition, by a margin of 296,626 votes. That led Murmu to be the 15th President of India, the first tribal and second woman to do so. She is also the first President to be born after independence and is the youngest to occupy the top post.^[5][1][6][7]

Electoral system

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The President of India is indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of the elected members of both houses of parliament, the elected members of the legislative assemblies of the 28 states and the elected members of the legislative assemblies of the union territories of Delhi, Puducherry and Jammu and Kashmir. As of 2022, the electoral college comprises 776 MPs and 4,033 MLAs (excluding the 90 MLAs of currently dissolved and recently delimited Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly).^{[citation needed]}

The election commission assigns varying numbers of votes to these electoral college members, such that the total weight of MPs and those of MLAs is roughly equal and that the voting power of states and territories is proportional to their population. Overall the members of the electoral college are eligible to cast 1,086,431 votes, yielding a threshold for a majority of 543,216 votes.^{[citation needed]}

The nomination of a candidate for election to the office of the President must be subscribed by at least 50 electors as proposers and 50 electors as seconders.^{[citation needed]} The election is held by means of a secret ballot under the Instant-runoff voting system.^[8] The manner of election of the President is provided by Article 55 of the Constitution.

Article 58 of the Indian Constitution provides that the President and Vice President of India must be citizens of India, and at least 35 years old. The Presidential candidate must be qualified for elections in the same way as a member of the Lok Sabha, and must not hold any office of profit under the Indian government.^[9] Candidates for the presidency typically seek the nomination of one of the political parties, in which case each party devises a method (such as a primary election) to choose the candidate the party deems best suited to run for the position. Traditionally, the primary elections are indirect elections where voters cast ballots for a slate of party delegates pledged to a particular candidate. The party's delegates then officially nominate a candidate to run on the party's behalf. The general election in July is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots for a slate of members of the Electoral College; these electors in turn directly elect the president and vice president.^{[citation needed]}

By convention, the Secretary General, Lok Sabha and the Secretary General, Rajya Sabha are appointed as the Returning Officers by rotation. For the 2017 Presidential election, the Secretary General, Lok Sabha was appointed as Returning Officer. Therefore, for the 2022 Presidential election, the Secretary General, Rajya Sabha Shri P.C. Mody was appointed as the Returning Officer in Notification by ECI on 13 June, 2022.^[10]

Election schedule

Under sub-section (1) of Section (4) of the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections Act 1952, the schedule for the election of the President of India was announced by the Election Commission of India on 9 June 2022.^[11][12]

S.No.	Event	Date	Day
1.	Issue of election commission's notification calling the election	15 June 2022	Wednesday
2.	Last date for making nominations	29 June 2022
3.	Date for the scrutiny of nominations	30 June 2022	Thursday
4.	Last date for the withdrawal of candidatures	2 July 2022	Saturday
5.	Date on which a poll shall, if necessary, be taken	18 July 2022	Monday
6.	Date on which counting, if required, shall be taken	21 July 2022	Thursday

Electoral college

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Electoral college member strength

House				Total
	NDA	UPA	Others
Lok Sabha	349 / 543 (64%)	91 / 543 (17%)	103 / 543 (19%)	543
Rajya Sabha	104 / 233 (45%)	50 / 233 (21%)	74 / 233 (32%)	228 (excluding 5 vacant seats)
State Legislative Assemblies	1,806 / 4,036 (45%)	966 / 4,036 (24%)	1,253 / 4,036 (31%)	4,025 (excluding 7 vacant seats)
Total	2,259 / 4,796 (47%)	1,107 / 4,796 (23%)	1,430 / 4,796 (30%)	4,796

Electoral college vote value composition

House				Total
	NDA	UPA	Others
Lok Sabha votes	244,300 / 380,100 (64%)	63,700 / 380,100 (17%)	72,100 / 380,100 (19%)	380,100
Rajya Sabha votes	72,800 / 159,600 (46%)	35,000 / 159,600 (22%)	51,800 / 159,600 (32%)	159,600 (excluding 5 vacant seats)
State Assemblies votes	219,347 / 542,291 (40%)	145,384 / 542,291 (27%)	177,528 / 542,291 (33%)	542,291 (excluding 7 vacant seats)
Total votes	536,447 / 1,081,991 (50%)	246,184 / 1,081,991 (23%)	299,328 / 1,081,991 (28%)	1,081,991

• All 4 Rajya Sabha seats and 90 State Legislative Assembly seats of Jammu and Kashmir are vacant as the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is dissolved.
• The lone Rajya Sabha seat of Tripura is vacant.
• 7 seats of the state legislative assemblies across various states (4 of Gujarat, 1 each of Maharashtra, Tripura and West Bengal) are also vacant.

Party-wise vote (projection)

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Alliance			Parties		Members of Lok Sabha	Members of Rajya Sabha	Members of State Legislative Assemblies	Total
	BJP Candidate	NDA	1	BJP	212100	63700	185036	458036	42.33%
			2	JD(U)	11200	3500	7901	22601	2.09%
			3	AIADMK	700	2800	11440	14940	1.38%
			4	AD(S)	1400	0	2496	3896	0.36%
			5	RLJP	3500	0	0	3500	0.32%
			6	AGP	0	700	1044	1744	0.16%
			7	MNF	700	700	244	1644	0.15%
			8	PMK	0	700	880	1580	0.15%
			9	NPF	700	700	126	1526	0.14%
			10	UPPL	0	700	812	1512	0.14%
			11	NPP	700	0	549	1249	0.12%
			12	NISHAD	0	0	1248	1248	0.12%
			13	JJP	0	0	1120	1120	0.10%
			14	NDPP	700	0	378	1078	0.10%
			15	AJSU	700	0	352	1052	0.10%
			16	SKM	700	0	133	833	0.47%
			17	RPI(A)	0	700	0	700
			18	TMC(M)	0	700	0	700
			19	HAM	0	0	692	692
			20	PJP	0	0	350	350
			21	BPF	0	0	348	348
			22	IPFT	0	0	182	182
			23	PBK	0	0	176	176
			24	JSS	0	0	175	175
			25	RSP	0	0	175	175
			26	AINRC	0	0	160	160
			27	JSP	0	0	159	159
			28	UDP	0	0	136	136
			29	HLP	0	0	112	112
			30	PDF	0	0	68	68
			31	MGP	0	0	40	40
			32	KPA	0	0	36	36
			33	HSPDP	0	0	34	34
			34	Independents	2100	700	4340	7140	0.66%
		Total of NDA						528,942	48.89%
		Non-NDA	35	YSRCP[13]	15400	6300	24009	45709	4.22%
			36	BJD[14]	8400	6300	16986	31686	2.93%
			37	BSP[15]	7000	700	710	8410	0.78%
			38	SS (Shinde)	0	0	7000	7000	0.65%
			39	JMM[16]	700	700	5280	6680	0.62%
			40	JD(S)[17]	700	700	4496	5896	0.54%
			41	SAD[18]	1400	0	348	1748	0.16%
			42	BVA	0	0	525	525	0.05
			43	SDF	0	700	7	707	0.07
			44	LJP(RV)	700	0	0	700	0.06
			45	JCC[19]	0	0	387	1153	0.11%
			46	MNS	0	0	175
			47	PWPI	0	0	175
			48	JD(L)[20]	0	0	416
			49	SS (Uddhav)	13300	2100	2800	18200	1.68%
			50	SBSP[21]	0	0	1248	1248	0.12%
			51	TDP	2100	700	3657	6457	0.60%
			52	RLP	700	0	387	1087	0.10%
		Non-NDA Backing BJP Candidate						137,206	12.69%
Total Votes for BJP Candidate								666,148	61.58%
	Opposition candidate (AITC)	AITC	1	AITC	16100	9100	33432	58632	5.42%
		UPA	2	INC	37100	21700	88578	147378	13.62%
			3	DMK	16800	7000	22096	45896	4.24%
			4	NCP	3500	2800	9919	16219	1.50%
			5	IUML	2100	1400	2280	5780	0.53%
			6	JKNC	2100	0	0	2100	0.19%
			7	VCK	700	0	704	1404	0.13%
			8	MDMK	0	700	704	1404	0.13%
			9	RSP	700	0	0	700	0.20%
			10	MMK	0	0	352	352
			11	KC	0	0	304	304
			12	KMDK	0	0	176	176
			13	TVK	0	0	176	176
			14	KC(J)	0	0	152	152
			15	NCK	0	0	152	152
			16	RMPI	0	0	152	152
			17	GFP	0	0	20	20
			18	Independents	0	700	2264	2964	0.27%
		Total of UPA + AITC						283,961	26.23%
		SP+	19	SP	2100	2100	23438	27638	2.55%
			20	RLD	0	700	1793	2493	0.23%
			21	Independents	0	700	0	700	0.06%
		Left	22	CPI(M)	2100	3500	11086	16686	1.54%
			23	CPI	1400	1400	3457	6257	0.58%
			24	CPI(ML)L	0	0	2252	2252	0.21%
			25	KC(M)	700	700	760	2160	0.20%
			26	C(S)	0	0	152	1520	0.14%
			27	INL	0	0	152
			28	JKC	0	0	152
			29	KC(B)	0	0	152
			30	NSC	0	0	152
			31	Independents	0	0	760
		Others	32	TRS	6300	4900	13596	24796	2.29%
			33	AAP	0	7000	14308	21308	1.97%
			34	RJD	0	4200	13476	17676	1.63%
			35	AIMIM	1400	0	2139	3539	0.33%
			36	AIUDF	700	0	1740	2440	0.23%
			37	GJM	0	0	151	151	0.01%
			38	ISF	0	0	151	151	0.01%
		Non-UPA Backing Opposition candidate						129,767	11.98%
Total Votes for Opposition candidate								413,728	38.29%
	Others	Undecided	1	BTP	0	0	552	552	0.05%
			2	SAD(A)	700	0	0	700	0.11%
			3	SWP	0	0	175	175
			4	RD	0	0	116	116
			5	INLD	0	0	112	112
			6	ZPM	0	0	48	48
			7	RGP	0	0	20	20
			8	KHNAM	0	0	17	17
			9	Independents	0	0	363	363	0.03%
Total of Undecided								2,103	0.19%
Total					380100	159600 (5 Vacant)	542291 (7 Vacant)	1081991	100%

Candidates

On 21 June 2022, Yashwant Sinha, a former AITC leader, was unanimously chosen as the common candidate of UPA and other opposition parties for the 2022 Presidential election.^[22] On the same day NDA chose Droupadi Murmu as its presidential candidate.^[23]

National Democratic Alliance

Name	Born	Alliance	Positions held	Home state	Date announced	Ref
Droupadi Murmu	(1958-06-20) 20 June 1958 (age 64) Baidaposi, Odisha	National Democratic Alliance (BJP)	Governor of Jharkhand (2015–2021) Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from Rairangpur (2000–2009) Minister of State in the 1st Naveen Patnaik ministry (2000–2004)	Odisha	21 June 2022	[23]

United Opposition (India)

Name	Born	Alliance	Positions held	Home state	Date announced	Ref
Yashwant Sinha	(1937-11-06) 6 November 1937 (age 84) Patna, Bihar	United Opposition (AITC)	External Affairs Minister of India (2002–2004) Leader of the House in Rajya Sabha (1990–1991) Finance Minister of India (1990–1991, 1998–2002) Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Hazaribagh (1998–2004, 2009–14) Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from Jharkhand from (2004–2009) Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from Bihar from (1988–1994)	Bihar	[22]

Campaign

During her election campaign, Murmu visited various states seeking support for her candidature. Several opposition parties like BJD, JMM, BSP, SS, YSRCP, SAD, JDS among others had announced support for her candidature prior to polling.^{[24][25][26][27][28]}

Incidents

Congress filed a complaint with the Election Commission against Droupadi Murmu and BJP leaders, alleging poll code violation in Karnataka. The Congress party alleged that the ruling BJP had influenced the MLAs by offering bribes and other inducements in violation of the election code. The MLAs were called for training on voting in the presidential election and allegedly provided luxurious rooms, meals, liquor, drinks and entertainment.^[29][30]

Results

Results of the 2022 Indian presidential election^[31][32]

Candidate		Coalition	Individual votes	Electoral College votes	%
	Draupadi Murmu	National Democratic Alliance	2,824	676,803	64.03
	Yashwant Sinha	United Opposition	1,877	380,177	35.97
Valid votes			4,701	1,056,980	98.89
Blank and invalid votes			53	15,397	1.11
Total			4,754	1,072,377	100
Registered voters / Turnout			4,796	1,086,431	99.12

Breakdown

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State/UT	Electors	Draupadi Murmu	Yashwant Sinha	Invalid	Abstain
Members of Parliament	771	540	208	15	8
Andhra Pradesh	175	173	0	0	2
Arunachal Pradesh	60	55	4	0	1
Assam	126	104	20	0	2
Bihar	243	133	106	2	1
Chhattisgarh	90	21	69	0	0
Goa	40	28	12	0	0
Gujarat	178	121	57	0	0
Haryana	90	59	30	0	1
Himachal Pradesh	68	45	22	1	0
Jharkhand	81	70	9	1	1
Karnataka	224	150	70	4	0
Kerala	140	1	139	0	0
Madhya Pradesh	230	146	79	5	0
Maharashtra	287	181	98	4	3
Manipur	60	54	6	0	0
Meghalaya	60	47	8	1	4
Mizoram	40	29	11	0	0
Nagaland	60	59	0	0	1
Odisha	147	137	9	0	1
Punjab	117	8	101	5	3
Rajasthan	200	75	123	0	2
Sikkim	32	32	0	0	0
Tamil Nadu	234	75	158	1	0
Telangana	119	3	113	1	2
Tripura	59	41	17	0	1
Uttar Pradesh	403	287	111	3	2
Uttarakhand	70	51	15	1	3
West Bengal	293	71	216	4	2
Delhi	70	8	56	4	2
Puducherry	30	20	9	1	0
Total	4796	2824	1877	53	42
Source: [33][better source needed][34][35]

Reactions

Right after Murmu was announced as the winner, numerous congratulations and wishes were posted globally. Russian President Vladimir Putin extended his greetings to Droupadi Murmu for being elected as the President of India and hoped for further development of the Russian-Indian political dialogue and productive cooperation in different areas under her leadership.^[36] The president of the United States of America, Joe Biden, congratulated her and called her victory the 'strength of Indian democracy'.^[37][38] Chinese President Xi Jinping congratulated her and said that he would be willing to work with her to enhance political mutual trust between China and India.^[39][40] The Presidents of Nepal, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Bangladesh and other countries also congratulated her.^[41]

After the election results came out, tribal communities in several states celebrated her victory.^[42][43] Many minority tribal communities in Bangladesh specially the Santal community also celebrated her win.^[44]

See also

• 2022 elections in India
• List of presidents of India
• 2022 Indian vice presidential election
• List of Indian presidential elections

References